Newspaper Lanuage

Newspaper Language

Types of Newspapers:

1. Broad sheet - Guardian
2. Tabloid- The Sun
3. Mid Market Tabloid - The Daily Mail
4. Local Newspapers - Essex Chronicle

Subjective: Tabloid

Objective: Broadsheet

Types of News:

• Soft: Weather, Celebrity gossip or fashion.
• Hard: Attacks, death, Politics, Science, War, Education, Health or World events.

Online Newspapers

Advantages

• Reaches More Customers
• Easy To Access
• Available everywhere
• Free To Read
• More Interactive
• Mostly Free except for financial times
• Easier To Share Articles
• Simple Layout
• Portable
• Lack of waste
• Live Updates
• Can Personalize The Articles You See

Disadvantages

• Need Data/Internet
• Bad For Environment
• Pop Up Adverts Are Annoying
• Distraction
• More In Depth Articles

Newspaper Industry

Newspaper Industries Research

1. I think that the demand for paper copies of news paper have gone down, as technology has become advanced and more common so it is easier for people to view it online.

2. The Audit Bureau of Circulations (UK) is a non profit organisation owned and developed by the media industry. ABC delivers industry-agreed standards for media brand measurement of print publications, digital channels and events. 

3. As most people have nothing going on on Sunday they like to read the paper to find out the news this is due to most place being shut and no work.

4. The leading broadsheet is Daily telegraph, the leading tabloid is the sun and the leading mid market is The daily mail. All these newspapers used various pictures,headlines and content to help entice the audience leading to a big audience.

5. The daily mail is the second most popular paper, but most popular mid market. Where as, the Guardian is shown to be towards the lower ends of the scale this could be due to the niche audience that is appealing to the paper, the daily mail is a  mid market therefore is has broadsheet and tabloid aspects therefore is will have a vast audience from both community's.

6. The Guardian Media group is owned by the Scott Trust, a private company whose main purpose is to ensure the financial and editorial independence of the Guardian, the papers values are to be honest, fair and bring integrity to the reader. This is therefore done by the independence of most news stories and ideas attracting a varied audience. This is shown through the investment of over £1 billion, then with most profits they reinvest into journalism to deliver the best quality news to the audience.

7. Personally in terms of digital distribution I believe the most important brand identity has to be about the online websites, as many commuters and other people have technological devices such as laptops and tablets that may not be able to download the application therefore it is easier to access the internet. E.g people on work breaks are predominantly at computers or desk tops therefore it is easiest to view; as most works now ban the use of mobile phones within a certain block/building due to distraction.

8. The UK newspapers appear to be the least trusted in Europe, according to research by the European Broadcasting Union. It carried out surveys of 1000 members of the public in each of 33 European countries for its Trust in Media report. The UK by far the least trusted 'written press' of any European country.

9. The Independent Press Standards Organisations are the regulators for most of the UK's newspapers and magazines. They hold newspapers and magazines to account for their actions, protect individual rights, uphold high standards of journalism and maintain freedom of expression for the press. They make sure that member newspapers and magazines follow the editors code.

10. Print display advertising revenue for the national UK newspapers has grown for the first time in more than seven years, according to a new report on ad expenditure. Display ads in national titles saw revenue growth of 1% year on year in the first quarter of 2018, putting it at a total of £152.6m for the period. Within tabloids print display advertising grew by 3% year on year.

Newspaper

Newspapers

these are the two main types of newspaper Tabloids- A tabloid is a newspaper that has small pages, short articles, and lots of photographs. Tabloids are often considered to be less serious than other newspapers. Compare broadsheet. 'The British tabloids called me "leggy" and "stunning",' she recalls. aimed at higher social class.

Broadsheets- a newspaper with a large format, regarded as more serious and less sensationalist than tabloids. Aimed at lower social class.

the newspaper market

The Populars- The Sun, Daily Mirror, Sunday People, Daily Star

Mid-Market- Daily Mail, The Sunday Mail, The Evening Standard, The Metro, Sunday Express, Daily Express

Quality- The Daily Telegraph, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer, The Guardian, The Times, The Sunday Times, The Interdependent

Political Following



News Values

In 1965 some media researches investigated the most important new agenda this gave them a list of news values.

Stereotypes and Readings

Stereotype
visual shortcut but is often not true and offensive
Archetypes
the ultimate stereotype,(dumb blonde) is more basic
Counter-types
A representation that challenges traditional stereotype

Oppositional Readings
when an audience reads a text in the opposite way the media intended it to.
Negotiated Readings
When an audience is allowed to bring their own experiences alongside the medias intentions (when it is left more for you to decide what you think) different audience might have different readings
Preferred Readings
when an audience reads a text in the way that media intended it to

Media Framework: Representation

Representation

-The way in which people , events and ideas are presented to the audience.
-To break it down, the media takes something that is already there and re-presents it to use it in the way they choose
-These representations are created by the producers (anyone who makes a media text) of media texts
-What they choose to present to us is controlled by gatekeepers
   
     Gatekeepers: These people have control & power of what is shown and not shown to a public audience

     Moguls: Media moguls are people who own the company (i.e Newspaper) so have say on what goes in and doesn't

DISABILITY
REGIONAL IDENTITY

CLASS
AGE
GENDER
ETHNICITY
SEXUALITY

Newspaper Comparison

THE SUN- Owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corp.

THE DAILY MAIL- Owned by daily mail and trust.

TELEGRAPH- Owned by David and Fredrick Barclay.

Advert

BBC bitesize glossary

1. brand identity
   The image a company constructs for itself through the use of logos, slogans and other marketing tools in order to appeal to an audience.
2. cross-platform
   The appearance of a media text on more than one platform; cross-platform or cross-media advertising is used to market a product like a film on the web, TV and newspapers.
3. endorsement
   The act of supporting or backing something; celebrity endorsement is often used in advertising to sell a product.
4. ethos
   The purpose, attitude and beliefs of a person or an organisation.
5. media convergence
   When audiences use one platform to consume various types of media texts.
6. media format
   A media format refers to whether the content is video, audio, print based, or a combination such as a website or video game.
7. media platform
   A media platform is where a media text is presented; this can be TV, cinema, computer, games console, digital media player, smartphone, tablet, magazine, or newspaper
8. media text
   Any media product such as a TV programme, film, magazine, video game, newspaper, music track or album created for an audience.
9. niche audience
   A small, narrow audience interested in a specific topic or theme - the opposite of a mass market audience.
10. public service broadcasting
    Public service broadcasting is for the benefit of the public and not just for profit or commercial gain; the BBC is a public service broadcaster in the UK.
11. smartphone
    A mobile phone with a powerful processor that is capable of running applications and accessing the internet.
12. tablet
    A computer device a little smaller than a laptop but with a built-in touchscreen, usually without a keyboard.

Media Framework: Industry

The Media Industry

the media industry is made up from a collection of different organisations. they all share the production, publication and distribution of media texts. examples of these organisations are;

• BBC
• Disney
• News corp
• Nintendo
• Marvel
• The Guardian

Audiences can access media texts in many formats on different platforms, these can be used to inform, entertain and promote products and ideas.

there use to be many companies that where big producers in media by 1992 there were only 12 big companies, now in 2018 there are only 6 big companies

1) Comcast- 69 Billion
    they are the biggest cable provider in the world

2) Disney- 48 Billion
    they own many other companies like Pixar, Marvel, ESPN and many others

3) 20TH Century Fox- 32 Billion
    they make most of their money from advertising and film/tv

4) Warner- 27 Billion

5) CBS & Viacom- 15 Billion each
 
These companies control 71% of national circulation

BBC is a public service Broadcaster

All media forms are regulated

TV/Radio- Ofcom
Video Games- Pegi
Film- BBFC
News-IPSO
Advertising- ASA

Advert Remake

Sound/Edit

Sound: 

M - music

C - contrapuntal/ parallel 

D - diegetic/ non diegetic 

O - off screen

V - voiceover

E - emotion

D - dialogue 

Editing:

S - screen time

T- transitions 

O - order of narrative 

P - pace

S - special effects 

Practice ( UP scene) : 

M: the music tells a beautiful story without words needed, it creates love and passion through the soft violins and happy melody. Resulting in a romantic atmosphere and genre. 

C: the music is parallel to the setting; the upbeat and cheerful tune relates to an adoring and blissful emotion, and the slow and saddening music relates to a desolate feeling. This is purposely used so the audience feels the way the characters feel. 

D: there is non diegetic music in this scene, the music states the emotion and words for itself.

O: there is no offscreen voices or actors in this scene. 

V: there is also no voice overs. 

E: the music creates two controversial emotions - happiness and sadness. these contrasting emotions allows the audience to connect with the characters and permits the journey of their life to come together; every couple has their ups and downs. 

D: there is no dialogue within the characters. 

S: roughly 40/50 years have passed within a 4 minute clip, therefore the screen time is very short and quick. 

T: 1 minute and 21 seconds into the clip there is a very delicate and important scene. The couple seems to be preparing for a baby as Ellie is painting a child's room in luminous and complementary colours, representing happiness. The music is upbeat and cheerful, however a few seconds later a simple and smooth transition appears - with not only a different scene but a change in the tone of music; slowing down. A grey and dull atmosphere lingers whilst the couple crouch in despair, knowing they are unable to have a child. This creates a great deal of sadness and emptiness. 

O: this clip is in order as it shows their lives pass through the years, from the past to the present.  

P: The pace is extremely quick; due to passing 50 years within a 4 minute clip, however it has a smooth and gentle approach.

S: there is no special effects within this movie; due to it being a cartoon. The clip is extremely natural and pure. 

Media Framework: Audience

Demographic Profiling

this is used to group audiences into categories. it help target adverts to the right people as more expensive thing would be based towards group A,B,C1 and cheaper things toward C2, D, E as they would have less money spare.

psychographic profiling

these are categories of different personalities of people. this also helps target adverts to right type of people who are most likely to be interested in the product.

Target Audience

targets audience by age and gender more wide of an audience

Niche Audience

this is a specific audience (e.g. some one who likes bird-watching)

 Audience Response

George Gerbner- Cultivation Theory

Boyz In The Hood Analysis

Opening Scene

 in this opening scene we can tell a lot about the film, it opens with a scene in a street in a rough area with four young children who are meeting to go to school, stray dogs and trash can be seen in the background showing an unclean and unsafe environment for children to be in. they begin to talk about a shooting last night as though it is a casual thing. they then go to the location of a shooting which is in their local area on their way to school, this shows the reality of how close all this happen to their home. a poster can be scene of the current president at which one of the children sticks their middle finger up at showing their views of what the president has done for them. meanwhile dogs can be heard barking and people shouting in the background. it then transition from the poster to drawing of shooting and police which are hung up in a primary school classroom which the children go to which sends a powerful message showing what the children grow up seeing. the children are being taught when the teacher ask a question and one comes out with a funny comment, this shows that they have a lack of interest in learning. a fight then breaks out between two to the boys and they remark about getting family members to shoot each others. to everyone in the room this is normal for them to hear as they are not deeply shocked about it, and the teacher does not take a great deal of action upon this. later that day a phone call between his mother and teacher which is played over as he is walking back from school and older people are fighting in the street he is walking down. the teacher ask offensive question to the mother asking about issues at home and if she is employed presuming she is not. all of this tells us how people stereo type different communities and the conditions people are in which is ignored by the government and would rather leave them to their own problems.

Mise En Scene

C-costume/color
L-lighting
A-actors
M-make up
P-props
S-setting

My First Edit

Adobe Edit
To create this i used Adobe Premier to create this edit. To begin i added videos to add up to a minute then found two different songs and cut them down to fit the 2 different scenes. after that i could add edits, for this i found the desired effect/s i wanted to add to each clip then enabled them, once this was done i could control how much a effect would have on the clips. some of the effect change and distort  also fade and twirl the image where as other can be used to sharpen an image or put a color tint on it. i also used text for the title which would be added as an asset over the clip. to complete it i added transition effect, this makes it more interesting when changing clips and gives an alternative to sudden change every time.

Camera shots

Frame, Angle and movements

 XLS (extra long shot), used to set the scene and create an isolated appeal. 

LS  (long shot) includes feet and head, still involving most of the background. 

 MSL (medium long shot) is above the knees

 MS (medium shot) is formed from the belly

 MCU (medium close up) is from the chest 

 CU ( close up) is the whole head 

 XCU (extra close up)

 BCU (big close up) , displays the characters emotions 

 LOW , creates a threatening and over whelming appearance, making the character seem powerful

 BIRDS EYE, used from a high angle

 CANTED/ TILTED, generates a confusing aspect

 WORMS EYE, is used for a dramatic effect

HIGH, makes the character seem and feel small

Semiotics

Semiotics - Study of signs

• message
• Photos 
• videos
• calendar
• notes 
• music

Hybrid: combination of two genres for e.g romcom, action adventure
Semiotics: is the study of sings and also of anything which stands for 'something else'.
Denotation:  what we see when we look at an image (what it is)
Connotation: what we understand from this image. (what other meaning it has.)

Connotation on a Netflix poster.

 we can see half the sky is set at night time, this tells us that bad things will happen as it gives an unknown and mysterious vibe. the other half of of the sky is filled with fairy light and demonic scratch letters, this relates innocence with evil showing that this will be a main theme of the series as it takes up a large proportion of the poster. there is also a black border that reaches in and turns into twisting lines, this black looks to represent darkness which reaches in towards the main characters. the background also has a old shed and intimidating fence with a warning sign, this give a creepy vibe as there could be anything in the shed which could be dangerous. the fence also shows secrecy and hidden danger. in the middle we can see a character with their hand out and a angry look on their face, this gives the idea that this character is powerful and important and most of the events will be based around them.

1. brand identity
   The image a company constructs for itself through the use of logos, slogans and other marketing tools in order to appeal to an audience.
2. cross-platform
   The appearance of a media text on more than one platform; cross-platform or cross-media advertising is used to market a product like a film on the web, TV and newspapers.
3. endorsement
   The act of supporting or backing something; celebrity endorsement is often used in advertising to sell a product.
4. ethos
   The purpose, attitude and beliefs of a person or an organisation.
5. media convergence
   When audiences use one platform to consume various types of media texts.
6. media format
   A media format refers to whether the content is video, audio, print based, or a combination such as a website or video game.
7. media platform
   A media platform is where a media text is presented; this can be TV, cinema, computer, games console, digital media player, smartphone, tablet, magazine, or newspaper
8. media text
   Any media product such as a TV programme, film, magazine, video game, newspaper, music track or album created for an audience.
9. niche audience
   A small, narrow audience interested in a specific topic or theme - the opposite of a mass market audience.
10. public service broadcasting
    Public service broadcasting is for the benefit of the public and not just for profit or commercial gain; the BBC is a public service broadcaster in the UK.
11. smartphone
    A mobile phone with a powerful processor that is capable of running applications and accessing the internet.
12. tablet
    A computer device a little smaller than a laptop but with a built-in touchscreen, usually without a keyboard.

Genre And Hybrid

Genre

Genre- A type or category of X.

Describe In detail

Setting- location, time period

Themes- love, guilt, revenge, good vs evil

Icons- significant props, weapons or a wallet

Narrative- how a story is told, plot

Characters- male/female, background

Textual analysis- style of camera, editing, muse en scene

Types of genres:

• Drama
• Romcom
• Comedies
• Horror
• Si-Fi
• Action
• Adventure
• Thriller
• Western
• Musical
• Crime mystery

Hybrid- combinations of 2 different types of genre.

Steve Neale

Genre Theory- Steve Neale

   -He stated that genres may be dominated by repetition, but are also marked by difference, variation and change.

   -The idea that these genres change, develop and vary as they borrow from and overlap with one another.

Genre Picture Task

Action and Adventure:

For our first task we captivated a picture representing the genre of adventure and action.  To accomplish this, we aimed to embody the stereotype of these genres but mixing them together. For example, in both, characters could be running away from someone or something, escaping or climbing to explore. Therefore, we chose a wired fence for a prop to achieve this. In addition the fence looks similar to those in a prison; this also highlights the genre of adventure and action.

 

Musical:

For our second task we designed a picture for a music genre. By doing this we included key props such as a piano and a drum, and characterised our facial expressions to be happy; due to musicians loving what they do and create. To possibly improve this image i would change the backdrop to a musical theme such as adding stage lights, more instruments or artistic posters etc.    

 

Summer Task 4

The Big Six

they are the top six company's in the film industry collectively collecting about 85% of revenue in the US and Canadian box office and each earning profits at least one billion a year. they are 20th century fox, Warner bros, paramount pictures, Columbia pictures(now Sony pictures entertainment), universal pictures and Walt Disney pictures. this may become five if Disney buy fox for around $71 billion.

20th Century Fox
they owns many TV programs and sky, they also have the right to X-Men, Deadpool and The fantastic four.
     Deadpool 2
     Budget: 110 million USD
     Box Office: 734 million USD
     Release date: 16th May 2018

Warner Bros
they own Turner Broadcasting system which owns more than 175 cable TV networks and Home Box Office with also operate multiple TV channels
     Wonder Women 
     Budget: 130 million USD
     Box Office: 821.8 million USD
     Release date: 15th May 2017
Paramount Pictures
they own Viacom who own TV channels like Nickelodeon, MTV, Channel 5 and many others they use to own the right to iron man and captain america but have now sold them.
     Mission Impossible Fallout
     Budget: 178 million USD
     Box Office: 650 million USD
     Release date: 12th July 2018
Sony Pictures Entertainment
this is owned by Sony who own a lot of other companies including music, TV and electronics.
     Spiderman Homecoming
     Budget: 175 million USD
     Box Office: 880.2 million USD
     Release date: 5th July 2017
universal pictures
universal is own by NBC universal and they own many other channels and their own resorts park.
     Jurassic World Fallen Kingdom
     Budget: 175 million USD
     Box Office: 1.295 billion USD
     Release date: 6th June 2018
Walt Disney
they own many other companies including ESPN, marvel entertainment, lucasfilm, and their own resorts park.
     Beauty and The Beast
     Budget: 250 million USD
     Box Office: 1.264 billion USD
     Release date: 17th March 2017

Advertising Campaign
Big company's can spend a lot of money to get their film advertised. they pay millions to get TV advert on the most popular channels which also cost them extra to have a good advert made. adverts also appear on video streaming websites such as you tube, this is useful as they have a lot of visitors every day. as well as advertising it on the internet they will put up posters in high traffic areas and on things like buses which will travel so people can see. they also advertise in magazines and newspapers as well as sponsoring company's to give them promotions.

Summer Task 3

Newspaper Covers

                            

                         

the media have the power to shape our opinion on very important people they. in these newspapers they present trump as unpopular, if you was to ask some one about trump its mostly always a negative opinion it seems that no one like his or believes his actions are right, but the american population would of had to like him and what he stands for to become the president. this could tell us how they don't report everything fairly about certain people. trump does a lot of unnecessary things and some of which could affect the UK there fore our media presents him in a negative, other wise this would help his campaign. they do it in a way to mock him and make the media look as though they are above trump and can say what ever they want about him. they call him a clown which is meant to insult his intelligence and make him appear dumb to the audience, but he is a very successful man and has made a lot of money from this, you would also need to be intelligent to be the president of US and run a successful campaign, which he was. 

are you beach body ready : this girl can
   

the beach body campaign received a lot of criticism as they used an unrealistic stereo type and stated that this was the "beach body" people should have and what it should look like. you can see that model is petite and has a thigh gap which is the desired look they are suggesting is right, the model is also standing in an abnormal position to show her key features, which people didn't like as well as they didn't see it as a true reflection as angles can change someones appearance dramatically. the audiences to this felt as though people should feel confident in their own body and shouldn't create a stereo type of a good body as people have plenty of problems without worrying about their body, as it takes time and effort to get this "idea body". where as this girl can has shown how people have impact but it is normal and OK. this campaign is more supporting and comforting for a user to see. it shows in a much better way that is you are insecure about something there is something you can do to change and improve it. this way it give people hope and makes them feel in control as they realize there are many other people like them, and will motivate them to change it.